Introduction
All inverters perform the same function: they convert direct current (DC) electricity like the the output of batteries and solar panels into alternating current (AC), which powers anything that plugs into the wall at home. However, not all inverters are created equal. Broadly speaking, there are two main types, pure sine wave and simulated sine wave inverters. In this guide, we’ll touch on the important differences between them, explore typical use cases, and understand why simulated sine wave inverters might not be the best fit for certain devices.
What is a Sine Wave?
Before delving into the differences, let’s briefly touch on what a sine wave is. In simple terms, a sine wave describes any quantity that varies smoothly over time, where the variation has certain characteristics. Many natural phenomena exhibit sinusoidal (sine wave-like) patterns over time. Some examples include ocean waves and the oscillation (swinging back and forth) of a pendulum. In the context of inverters, the sine wave refers to the change in their output voltage over time.
A battery may output approximately 12 V continuously. An inverter’s output goes from 0 V to 220V and back 50 times per second. The way that an inverter achieves this variation is the main difference between pure and simulated sine wave inverters.
Pure Sine Wave Inverters: The Gold Standard
1. Smooth Output:
Pure sine wave inverters are like the virtuosos of the inverter world. They produce a clean and smooth electrical waveform that mimics the power we get from EEC. This makes them the gold standard for delivering electricity that closely resembles what comes out of the plugs at home.
2. Wide Compatibility:
Pure sine wave inverters are highly versatile and compatible with a wide range of devices. They are the go-to choice for sensitive electronics, such as laptops, LED TVs, and medical equipment. If you want to power devices that demand a consistent, high-quality electrical supply, a pure sine wave inverter is the way to go.
3. Typical Use Cases:
– Sensitive electronics
– Appliances with variable-speed motors (eg washing machines)
– Operating medical equipment
Simulated Sine Wave Inverters: The Budget-Friendly Alternative
1. Cost-Effective Solution:
Simulated sine wave inverters, often referred to as modified sine wave inverters, are a more budget-friendly alternative. While they don’t produce a perfectly smooth sine wave, they approximate the shape, providing a less refined but functional electrical output.
2. Suitable for Basic Appliances:
Simulated sine wave inverters work well for basic appliances and tools that don’t require a pristine power supply. Devices like simple power tools, basic kitchen appliances, and some lighting systems can function adequately with this type of inverter.
3. Typical Use Cases:
– Rugged power tools (eg heat gun)
– Basic kitchen appliances (eg toaster)
– Lighting systems
Why Simulated Sine Wave Inverters May Fall Short:
1. Sensitive Electronics:
Simulated sine wave inverters may not be suitable for devices with more sophisticated electronics. Some devices, especially those with sensitive circuitry or microprocessors, may experience issues or even damage when powered by a simulated sine wave.
2. Motorized Appliances:
Devices with variable-speed motors, like certain types of refrigerators or air conditioners, may not perform optimally when connected to a simulated sine wave inverter. These motors typically operate more smoothly with a pure sine wave.
3. Audiovisual Equipment:
Audio and visual equipment may experience interference when powered by simulated sine wave inverters, leading to distorted sound or flickering screens. Pure sine wave inverters provide a smooth power source, avoiding such issues.
How to Choose an Inverter for Your Needs:
When deciding between a pure sine wave and a simulated sine wave inverter, consider the types of devices you want to power. If you have sensitive electronics, medical equipment, or devices with variable-speed motors, investing in a pure sine wave inverter is a wise choice. On the other hand, if your needs are more basic, and you are on a tight budget, a simulated sine wave inverter may suffice for running simple appliances and tools.
Inverter Power Limits
A final note; there is another natural limit to the compatibility of all inverters, even pure sine models. Simply put, they can only power a combination of devices (or single large device) that draws less power than their maximum output. In addition, it is important to understand the effect of inrush current and how it may cause certain types of devices fall outside of this power maximum, even when their nameplates suggest they should not. Read our explainer on the topic of inrush current here on the Electric Knowledge Base.
Conclusion
Understanding the differences between pure sine wave and simulated sine wave inverters empowers you to make informed choices based on your specific needs. Whatever your needs may be, choosing the right inverter ensures a reliable and efficient electrical supply for your devices. Visit the Electric Market and browse our selection of simulated- and pure- sine inverters with a variety of power outputs. Let us help you get power, in your hands.